Abstract
The purpose of this chapter is to highlight some of the major characteristics of bacterial ABC systems and the breadth of their functions. Prokaryote ABC-dependent transport systems, whether exporters or importers, all adhere to the usual formula of a basic four-unit structure, two membrane components and two units of ABC-ATPases. The term ABC transporter describes the ABC-ATPase plus its associated integral membrane domains, whether fused to the ABC or separately encoded. This core transporter or translocation complex may be further supplemented with essential accessory or auxiliary subunits (usually encoded separately): the external ligand-binding protein in the case of ABC importers, or the MFP (membrane fusion protein) and the OMP-F (outer membrane protein factor) or OMA (outer membrane auxiliary) integral to the inner membrane and outer membrane, respectively. In the case of ABC transporters, the entire complex may sometimes be referred to as the translocon, while for the importers the term permease is also used to describe the entire complex.
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