Abstract
This chapter explores the intraoperative neurophysiology of the peripheral nervous system. Intraoperative recordings of compound nerve action potentials (CNAPs) can provide quick and reliable information on the status of peripheral nerves at the time of surgery. The technique is straight forward and can be easily used by those without a lot of previous experience in monitoring peripheral nerves. It requires no unusual instrumentation and is very cost-effective. It does not compromise routine surgical exploration of a peripheral nerve injury. The information provided by these studies is very useful in determining the best course of action to deal with a particular peripheral nerve injury. The indications of early, successful peripheral nerve regeneration observed in these studies cannot be obtained in any other way. Intraoperative neurophysiology is a new and exciting field that provides functional information to the surgical team. The end result is that the patient receives the benefits of surgery that will produce the best prospect for optimal recovery.
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