Abstract
This chapter explores the significance of biodiversity for human beings and the impact of biodiversity loss on agricultural sustainability. Biodiversity is essential for the functioning of ecosystems and provides many benefits to human societies, including food, medicine, and recreation. Agriculture relies heavily on biodiversity for pollination, soil health, pest control, and genetic diversity in crops and livestock. The loss of biodiversity is leading to soil degradation, reduced productivity, increased reliance on chemical inputs, and decreased genetic diversity, making agricultural systems more vulnerable to environmental and economic stresses. This loss is becoming irreparable and irrecoverable to arid regions that spread over more than 33% of the global geographic area. This chapter highlights the importance of protecting and promoting biodiversity in agricultural landscapes and suggests steps that can be taken, including promoting agroecological practices, reducing pesticide and fertilizer use, supporting local and traditional crop and livestock varieties, and investing in research and development to improve the sustainability and resilience of agricultural systems. By working together to protect and promote biodiversity in agriculture, we can build a more sustainable and resilient food system for future generations.
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