Abstract
Bioalcohols can be simply defined as alcohols produced from biological resources or biomass. They may be produced from a wide range of biomass substrates, including crops, lignocellulosic crops or residues, and food waste. First-generation bioalcohols are produced from crops, which may create a food versus fuel debate and other issues. Second-generation bioalcohols are produced from lignocellulosic biomass substrates, such as forestry or agricultural residues. Consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) is a multistep process that takes place in a bioreactor and involves hydrolase production, enzymatic hydrolysis, and microbial fermentation. It is considered to be the most promising process for the production of the second-generation biofuels because of its simple steps and low cost. In this chapter, we analyze recent research progress on the synthesis of ethanol and butanol from lignocellulose via CBP using microbial mono-culture and co-culture systems.
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