Abstract
The objective of a large-scale health information infrastructure is to unify the health information collected and maintained by many disparate individual organizations that may use unique and incompatible terminology. Efficiently exchanging health information between these heterogeneous systems requires an infrastructure that meets some key technical requirements. This chapter will describe the various high-level architectures that health information exchanges (HIEs) have implemented to facilitate data exchange. It will discuss the processes that are used to transfer data between multiple systems within an HIE and outline the types of transactions that are common in an HIE. The requisites for achieving interoperability between heterogeneous information systems also will be discussed briefly. An internal component of a model health information infrastructure that has been leveraged to simplify interoperability between discordant systems called the interoperability layer will be examined in detail in this chapter.
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