Abstract

Public transportation is a shared transportation service and includes urban public transit and intercity public transportation. The main transportation modes in urban public transit are buses, trams, trolleybuses, trains, and the metro. Ferries also appear in some cities in the world as an urban transportation mode. Airlines, buses, intercity rail, and, in some countries, high-speed rail are the transportation modes that appear in intercity public transportation. Some of the biggest transit operators in the world operate a few thousand buses and serve a few hundred bus routes. They employ thousands of drivers. The world’s largest airline serves approximately 100 airports in 41 countries with a fleet of nearly 700 aircraft. This chapter considers planning and operations in public transportation systems and includes public transportation network design, service frequencies determination, vehicle and crew scheduling, disruption management, and revenue management problems. The chapter deals with urban public transit systems, interurban road transport systems, and air transportation.

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