Abstract
Abstract In South Asia, expansion in private and public irrigation encouraged farmers to intensify the use of external inputs and high-yielding varieties, and also shift to high-value cash crops. An overall increase in agricultural outputs due to yield improvements, intensive farming, and expansion of arable land, combined with diversification toward high-value commodities, driven by growing demand resulting from rising per capita income, and development of market infrastructure, urbanization, and technological improvements resulted in growth in value of agricultural outputs in the region. This chapter will systematically analyze the determinants of past growth in agricultural outputs of South Asia, and their implications for agricultural water productivity in the region, with a particular focus on microirrigation systems. Estimates of water productivity of different crops, including high-value crops, and with different irrigation technologies are also presented and discussed.
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