Chapter 7 - Nanoparticles: A Novel Approach to Target Tumors

Abstract

In the modern era, human health is intimidated by various diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The particle size of a drug plays a major role in the site specificity and drug distribution, especially to target tumors disease. Efforts to treat such chronic diseases by conventional therapeutic systems are marred with nonspecific biodistribution, less bioavailability, poor aqueous solubility, overall characteristics of drug and nontarget specificity that influences the high rate of side effects. Nanostructured drug delivery systems can facilitate enhancement of the pharmacological response of therapeutic agents by improving the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Certainly, therapeutic nanostructured drug delivery systems are a novel approach to deliver a drug to produce greater pharmacological response. Furthermore, in the past two decades research studies proved that nanostructured drug delivery systems are vital and rapid-raising techniques in health-care systems. From monitoring the disease to treatment in molecular level, nanoparticles in various forms and conjugations (coated with iron oxide, gold, and proteins), nanopores, nanocapsules, quantum dots, fullerenes, nanotubes, nanorobotics, have been a mainstay of drug delivery systems. This chapter gives extensive ideas about materials, methods applied for the production of nanoparticles to target various diseases, and also how to deal with toxicity management in nanolaboratories.