Abstract
This chapter covers fiber-optic sensors for structural health monitoring (SHM) of aerospace composites. The general principles of fiber-optic technology and the major fiber-optic sensing principles (intensity modulation, polarization modulation, phased modulation, spectral modulation, scattering modulation) are presented. The Fabry–Perot (FB) and other interferometers are discussed. Fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) optical sensors, their conditioning equipment, and the demodulation methods for ultrasonic frequencies are discussed. Examples include: tunable FB filters, tunable narrow-linewidth laser sources, chirped FB filters, array waveguide grating (AWG), two-wave mixing photorefractive crystal (PRC), etc. FBG rosettes, long-gage FBG sensors, and temperature compensation of FBG sensors are also discussed. Intensity-modulated fiber-optic sensors (e.g., IBOF sensors) are mentioned. Distributed optical fiber sensing principles based on optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) including both Brillouin OTDR and Rayleigh backscatter OTDR methods are discussed. Fiber-optic temperature laser radar (FTR), triboluminescence optical sensors, and polarimetric optical sensors are also mentioned.
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