Abstract
Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) has demonstrated its unique value in developmental and reproductive toxicology (DART). This chapter starts with a brief introduction to bio-medical imaging, particularly X-ray-based micro-CT volumetric imaging methodology. Various applications in DART for nondestructive volumetric visualization and analyses of fetal skeletons of mouse, rat, and rabbit are concisely overviewed. Examples presented include ex vivo micro-CT volumetric visualization and analysis of: unstained and single-/double-stained fetuses for evaluation of skeletal malformation, embryonic bone microarchitecture, whole body soft tissue/organ visualization; in vivo micro-CT imaging analysis of rat fetuses in utero, especially longitudinal evaluation of rat and rabbit offsprings. Magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, optical projection tomography, and other volumetric imaging technologies are very briefly discussed. Validation process for good laboratory practice imaging studies is also briefed. Finally, the future directions of preclinical volumetric imaging in DART are provided from the perspectives of technology and applications.
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