Abstract
The release of harmful and toxic compounds into the environment has increased as a result of rapid worldwide industrialization and explosive population growth. As a result, their detection, adsorption, and removal are critical. Due to their unique chemical and physical properties, two-dimensional (2D) carbon nanomaterials, including graphene, graphene oxide, and graphitic carbon nitride, have been extensively used and demonstrated to be good candidates for solving environmental problems, emerging as adsorbents and sensors. In addition, the environmental treatment process based on nanomaterials could be more cost-effective and less time- and energy-consuming, generating no or less waste in comparison with conventional methods. In this chapter, we review the recent advances, progress, and achievements in 2D carbon nanomaterial-based methods for environmental analysis. Examples of different 2D carbon nanomaterial-based methods for the detection and illumination of major families of environmental pollutants, that is, heavy metal ions, organic compounds, gases, bacteria, and antibiotics, are presented. The challenges and perspectives of 2D carbon nanomaterials in environmental analysis were also discussed.
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