Abstract
The increasing concern over availability and cost of fossil fuel resources, coupled with the effects of climate change, has fueled the shift toward usage of renewable and sustainable sources of energy. Biomass, a renewable source of carbon, can be converted by various methods to produce required hydrocarbons in the form of fuel, chemicals, or petrochemicals. Thermochemical methods have several advantages the biochemical methods of conversion in terms of reaction time, feedstock, and flexibility. A thermochemical biorefinery will have one or more thermochemical methods of conversion integrated to produce valuable hydrocarbons/energy. Such systems have high energy efficiency and increase carbon utilization to value-added products. The chapter discusses the concept of thermochemical biorefineries with an aim to explain their significance in reducing dependence on fossil resources by effectively making use of the biomass available.
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