Abstract
Publisher Summary The energy-dependent mechanisms that extrude Na + from the cells of higher-order animals, against large electrochemical potential differences, are responsible for counterbalancing the colloid osmotic force of intracellular macromolecular anions, to which the cell is normally impermeable. In this chapter, the results of early experiments on rat kidney cortex slices are summarized that suggest the presence of an ouabain-insensitive sodium pump. The chapter also provides evidence that basolateral plasma membrane fractions from proximal tubular cells of the rat kidney have ouabain-insensitive Na + -ATPase with different kinetic characteristics from those of Na + ,K'-ATPase. The chapter further presents the results of experiments indicating two different modes of Na + uptake in inside-out basolateral plasma membrane vesicles associated with specific ATPase activities. The chapter concludes by providing the results of recent experiments dealing with the relationship between cell volume and the activity of ouabain-insensitive Na + -ATPase.
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