Abstract
Dutch political and social life has been highly stratified throughout the 20th century. In the debate in the Netherlands, both after the First Gulf War and following 11 September, three central themes can be distinguished, namely nationality politics and the question of belonging; religious politics; and gender politics. Immigration, asylum and terrorism issues seem to intersect when measures taken in one field are justified by developments in other policy fields. Thus, in 1991, when the Intelligence Services were seeking to redefine their role, they sought to deploy the debate around the position of Muslims in Dutch society as a ground for their activities. In the 2001-04 period, the relationship is less clear. In this period, the immigration and asylum authorities sought to implement more draconian measures against asylum seekers and immigrants. Keywords: asylum; First Gulf War; gender politics; immigration; Netherlands; political life; religious politics; social life; terrorism
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