Chapter 6 - Sedentary Behavior and Mental Health

Abstract

This chapter discusses literature concerning sedentary behavior and mental health (focusing on depression, anxiety, bipolar, and schizophrenia) in young people and adults. Sedentary behavior may be defined as any waking behavior characterized by an energy expenditure ≤1.5 metabolic equivalents, while in a sitting, reclining, or lying posture. Data demonstrate the predominance of sedentary lifestyles in Western society. Sedentary behavior is associated with physical and mental health, independent of physical activity, and these relationships are likely to be bidirectional. The literature suggests that sedentary behavior is associated with poor mental health in young people. Moreover, the literature shows sedentary behavior is a cause of concern for adults with depression, anxiety, bipolar, and schizophrenia. However, the literature is predominantly observational. Randomized controlled trials in the area of sedentary behavior reduction and mental health and across all age groups are needed to aid in the inference of causation. This chapter concludes with behavioral change techniques that clinicians can utilize to reduce sedentary behavior in those with mental health conditions.