Abstract

This chapter discusses the main characteristics of the regime for the prevention of oil pollution from maritime transport, which presents its own peculiarities compared to the regulation of other sources of marine pollution. It describes the relevant provisions of the LOSC and the main international standards, including the regional agreements to which the European Community (EC) is a party. The chapter identifies the rights and duties of the Community in its capacity as flag, coastal and port State and the legal possibilities available under international law to protect EC waters against the risk posed by oil tankers transiting along European coasts. It also identifies the main shortcomings of the existing international regime. The chapter looks at recent EC legislative initiatives to reduce the risk of oil pollution from tankers and their conformity with international rules.Keywords: coastal State; European Community (EC); international regime; marine pollution; maritime transport; oil pollution; port State

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