Chapter 6 - Peers and Engagement

Abstract

In this chapter, we consider how peers matter for students’ engagement. We distinguish between behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement. We review three predominant perspectives of the roles that peers play in young people’s lives: socialization (peers are socializing agents), social support (peers provide emotional and social support), and social status (peers provide a context where a social status hierarchy is established). For each perspective, we discuss current conceptual frameworks and relevant theory for how and why peers matter for engagement and review empirical evidence linking that aspect of peer relationships to engagement. We also consider how bullying and victimization can impact student engagement. We then turn our attention to how educators and practitioners who work with youth can promote positive peer relationships to support student engagement. First, we review social–emotional learning programs. Second, we discuss the importance of building emotionally supportive relationships and contexts and how adults can do so. Before concluding our chapter, we discuss important directions for future research on peer relations and engagement.