Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter highlights the impact of climatic change on soil attributes, with emphasis on influence on salinization and alkalinization. Soil salinization and alkalinization are influenced to a high degree by the greenhouse effect and subsequent climate changes. The cause of salinization and alkalinization is the accumulation of salts in soil horizons and, as its consequence, the development of soil properties unfavorable for production. Salt movement and the salt balance of a given territory are closely related to the geochemistry, hydrology, and climate of the given area. Soil salinity is common in dry areas and seldom occurs in well-drained humid places. Moreover, one of the most dangerous side effects of irrigation is secondary salinization and alkalinization of soils, due to the alteration of the natural salt balance of the environment. The two main processes of salinization caused by irrigation include: (1) salt accumulation in the soil originating from the salt in irrigation water and (2) salt accumulation in the soil originating from the salt in rising salty groundwater.
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