Abstract
A geochemical exploration campaign aims at locating economic mineral deposits through recognition of unusual concentrations of chemical components, to be called as geochemical anomaly, in surficial materials such as rocks, soils, stream sediments, glacial till, water, plants, and air. Geochemical cycle and general principles of mobility, migration, and dispersion of elements in both primary and secondary environments are briefed. Types and various geochemical exploration surveys are detailed with examples. Electrogeochemical surveys, bacterial leach, and other advanced geochemical exploration survey techniques are described. Stages involved in a typical geochemical exploration are also described. Large volume of quality-checked and quality-assured data generated by multielement surveys are integrated and interpreted by statistical, univariate, and multivariate analyses and modeling methods. Statistical and geostatistical packages are the best for the variable domain and spatial evaluation, respectively. Designing a typical geochemical exploration program, elaborate follow-up, and the future directions are described.
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