Abstract

Abstract This chapter addresses the interplay of vocal performance, sensorimotor learning, and vocal evolution in songbirds. Vocal performance is increasingly recognized as an influential factor in song evolution, particularly with respect to vocal output, song consistency, and trill structure. We argue here that a comprehensive understanding of vocal performance requires attention to sensorimotor learning, a developmental phase during which birds attempt to reproduce song models memorized earlier in life. New research indicates that birds calibrate song structure during sensorimotor ontogeny in order to best match their own vocal performance capacities. Because of this relationship, performance-related features may provide reliable indicators of male quality as manifest during sensorimotor learning. We review evidence in support of the “developmental stress” hypothesis and propose that this hypothesis be expanded to also consider vocal features crystallized during sensorimotor learning. We suggest avenues for future research that document relationships between vocal performance, morphology, and song learning programs.

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