Abstract
The basis grains used for steel-foundry mould and core materials are mainly quartz either in the form of silica sand or naturally bonded sands together with an amount of nonsiliceous materials, such as zircon, chromite, and olivine. The particulate matters must incorporate an amount of binder to impart an optimum degree of bond strength so that moulds and cores may retain their rigidity while waiting to receive liquid metal and during casting. The four principal binders employed in the steel foundry are clay-, organic-, silicate- and resin-binder. This chapter provides an overview of clay- and organic binders. The clays similar to the silicate binder fall under the general category of inorganic bond. The principal clays used in moulding materials either as added to synthetic mixes or occurring in association with naturally bonded sands are montmorillonites and kaolinites. The organic binders can be classified into three main groups, such as oil-, cereal-, and resin-bond.
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