Abstract
Diets rich in curcumin have been reported to be associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or cognitive impairment in epidemiological studies. In vitro and in vivo experimental studies with AD models have indicated that curcumin has antiamyloidogenic effects in addition to their antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects. In addition, it has been reported that curcumin has neuroprotective and antiinflammatory effects in in vitro and in vivo experimental studies on Parkinson’s disease (PD). Pharmacokinetic studies in humans have shown poor bioavailability of curcumin; thus, new drug delivery systems are being developed to improve it. Clinical trials with curcumin for AD and mild cognitive impairment have been unsuccessful; however, a small study with nondemented adults using a new formulation of curcumin indicated possible therapeutic effects on AD. Well-designed large-scale clinical trials and preventive interventions using curcumin are necessary to establish their efficacy in neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and PD.
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