Abstract
Since the late 1990s, India has been adopting a demand-driven approach to the provision of drinking water supplies in rural areas. The approach has produced significant results in terms of coverage of the habitations and villages by decentralized water supply schemes; this seems to have come at a cost to the community in terms of techno-institutional models chosen for water supply. Most of the schemes preferred by the communities are groundwater-based. The availability of water during summer months still remains a problem in these schemes, especially in the areas underlain by hard rocks. This chapter, through a case study on the rural water supply schemes in Maharashtra, analyses whether the policy of promoting local community management can actually produce the desired results of improved scheme performance. The findings of the study also lead us to the type of techno-institutional model that may work better in hard rock areas from the resource sustainability point of view.
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