Abstract
The insatiable demand for smaller lightweight portable electronic equipment has dramatically increased the need for research on rechargeable (or secondary) battery chemistries. In addition to achieving improved performance on Lead Acid and Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) batteries, during the last two decades many new chemistries such as Nickel Metal Hydride (NIMH), Lithium Ion (Li-Ion), Rechargeable Alkaline, Silver-Zinc, Zinc-Air, and Lithium Polymer have been introduced. Higher Energy density, superior cycle life, environmental friendliness and safe operation are among the general design targets of battery manufacturers. To complement these developments many semiconductor manufacturers have introduced new integrated circuit families to achieve the best charge/discharge performance and longest possible lifetime from battery packs. This chapter describes the characteristics of battery families such as Sealed Lead Acid, NiCd, NIMH, Li-Ion, and rechargeable alkaline together with modern techniques used in battery management ICs. A brief introduction to Zn-air batteries is also included.
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