Abstract
The main sources of information can be broadly categorized as follows: data, text, speech, music, image and video. The characteristics of all these modalities and their transmission requirements are distinct. Computer data processing, file transfer, and text messaging using keyboards/keypads are inherently in digital form. However, humans produce and perceive audio and visual signals in analog form. For the transmission, processing and storage of audio and visual signals as well as other analog information-bearing signals in digital form, analog-to-digital conversion in the transmitter and digital-to-analog conversion in the receiver are indispensable operations. To this effect, this chapter provides a detailed discussion on how analog signals can be converted into their digital representations.
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