Abstract
A study of histocompatibility (H) antigens is a challenging task dealing with an intriguing biologic and chemical phenomenon—the uniqueness of the individual. H antigens are genetically segregating cell surface structures, which differ among individuals. These antigens can be defined because grafts exchanged between individuals who differ with respect to these antigens are rejected by the immune system of the recipient. Transplantation systems make it possible to study gene systems that determine histocompatibility as well as their gene products that are represented by a set of chemical markers. The clarification of the chemical and molecular nature of H antigens would further facilitate their use as genetically determined markers with which to study cell membrane cytoarchitecture and to gain insight into those membrane functions that determine antigenic recognition and immune responsiveness. The recognition that genetic constitution plays a major role in determining the fate of tissue grafts led to numerous investigations showing that in each species studied there is a single, strong histocompatibility locus.
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