Abstract
This chapter deals with the explanation of blast tubes. A blast tube facility is more completely described as an "explosively driven shock tube." A blast tube is composed of two parts: long tube and an explosive energy source. This chapter presents the experimental design specification of blast tubes for blast effects studies. For blast effects studies, the most common design specification is an ideal blast wave from an open-air explosion. The typical waveform is an exponentially decaying pressure time history. The peak static pressure is usually specified or alternatively a distance from an explosion of a specified strength. From the specifications, a static pressure time history can be determined. Once the blast wave is specified, the goal is to match the specifications as closely as possible for the positive phase of the blast wave. Because there is no fixed location at which the high-pressure gas and diaphragm must be located in the blast tube, the designer has freedom in choosing an experimental configuration most appropriate for the task at hand. The explosive driver can be located anywhere along the length of the blast tube or even outside of it. Multiple drivers can be used of varying strengths to custom tailor a blast environment. Gases or cross-sectional area changes can be used to modify the blast environment. To keep the design cases simple, only a constant cross-section tube with one explosive driver is considered.
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