Abstract
Medicinal chemists aim to discover new lead compounds and to optimize them to highly potent, selective, and nontoxic new drug candidates. Chemists should feel concerned with these problems and tackle them in an early research stage, before the investment in a moderately satisfying molecule has become too large for an alternative to be sought. New pharmaceutical technologies such as micro-encapsulation or cyclodextrin complexation can overcome various drawbacks, but they are costly and often replaceable by simple chemical derivations. This chapter discusses case histories about formulation, characterization, and stability of protein drugs. It emphasizes the necessity for standardization of the manufacturing processes and closer examination of the solid drug as part of the quality control. The use of flavors and flavor modifiers represents the first attempt to improve pharmaceuticals in masking undesirable organoleptic properties such as taste, odor, and feeling factor. When this approach is ineffective, chemical modifications have to be considered.
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