Abstract
We have described negative dielectric waveguides by introducing concepts of low-dimensional optical waves and wavenumber surface. The propagation and optical beam properties of low-dimensional optical waveguides have been presented theoretically. A lot of propagation modes in planar and cylindrical negative dielectric waveguides have been classified from the point of view of nanophotonics. Physical meanings of the formation of nano-sized optical beam have been discussed by wavenumber surface. Applications to nano-optical devices and excitations have been discussed. Low-dimensional optical waves are the useful concept in treating optical waves in nanostructures.
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