Abstract
In this chapter, we provide a basic introduction to the different forms of economic evaluation, including cost-minimization analysis, cost-effectiveness analysis, cost–benefit analysis, and cost–utility analysis. In particular, we discuss the measurement of costs and outcomes in these types of economic evaluation and explain how the perspective of an evaluation affects these forms of analysis. We discuss the measurement of costs and patient outcomes and introduce the main measurement tools used by health economists. The chapter also introduces the concepts of incremental analysis, the cost-effectiveness plane, and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves. Finally, we discuss how the results of economic evaluations can be used in decision-making.
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