Abstract
Capillary electrochromatography (CEC) uses electroendosmotic flow (EOF) to perform highly efficient separations in small-diameter fused-silica capillaries, packed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-type stationary phases. It can be considered as a combination of capillary electrophoresis (CE) and HPLC. The separation of solutes is based on electrophoretic mobility (for charged species) and interaction with the stationary phase, allowing the separation of both neutral and charged compounds. In CEC, the EOF drives the mobile phase through the column. The EOF originates from the electrical double layer, which surrounds the capillary internal wall and the stationary phase particles. The degree of ionization depends on the pH of the mobile phase and the type of stationary phase used. A number of positive counterions within the bulk solution become strongly bound to the fixed negative charges to form a very thin layer, called the “Stern Layer.” The linear flow rate, generated by the EOF, is described by the Smoluchowski equation.
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