Abstract
Following the rediscovery of active thermogenic brown adipose tissue (BAT) in adults and the endocrine function of white adipose tissue (WAT), there has been renewed interest in the growth and development of these two types of adipose tissue. As we begin to better understand the importance of maternal health and nutrition and the impact it may have on the long-term health of the offspring, research into the cellular origins of adipose tissue has started to elicit the mechanisms involved. The regulation of both brown and white fat is dependent on multiple endocrine factors and may be depot specific. In light of the current obesity and diabetes epidemic, new research is highlighting the importance of optimizing fetal adipose tissue development and thus the impact of maternal nutritional environment. Modulations in adipose tissue growth during this phase of development may be an important factor contributing to an increased incidence of metabolic diseases in later life.
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