Chapter 36 - Nanotechnology

Abstract

Nanotechnology is commonly considered to deal with particles in the size range < 100 nm, and with the nanomaterials manufactured using nanoparticles. The approaches to the toxicology testing, and assessment of the human and environmental risks are undergoing rapid development. One risk assessment area of strong interest is the extent to which nanoparticle and nanomaterial toxicity can be extrapolated from existing data for particles and fibers. The research and development of nanotechnology is very active globally, and nanotechnologies are already used in hundreds of products, including sunscreens, cosmetics, textiles, and sports equipment. Nanotechnology is also being developed for use in drug delivery, biosensors, and other biomedical applications. Further, nanotechnologies are also being developed for use in environmental applications, e.g., clean-up of environmental pollutants.