Abstract
Seizures are common in the neonatal period and are often a result of hypoxia, brain bleed, or structural abnormalities. Rapid and effective treatment is critical without significant concern for detrimental long-term effects on neurodevelopment. Phenobarbital (PHB) remains the standard of care for newborns; however, given the side effect profile of PHB, other alternative antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) have been utilized as a result. Several case reports and systematic reviews suggest that Levetiracetam (LEV) may be as efficacious as PHB without significant concern for neurotoxicity or long-term developmental side effects. Unfortunately, high-quality efficacy and safety data is limited warranting clinical trials to clearly establish the role of LEV in treatment of neonatal seizures. Here we review evidence for LEV use in neonatal seizures.
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