Chapter 34 - Central Asia: Uzbekistan

Abstract

Uzbekistan contains the smallest and westernmost snow leopard population, which remains under-studied, likely fragmented, and in many ways data deficient. The population is split between two mountain ranges, with most individuals inhabiting the Pamir-Alay mountain system, and a smaller fragment in the Western Tien Shan. The population is estimated at 30–50 individuals and has been steadily increasing for all the years data are available. The Siberian ibex (Capra sibirica) is the main prey species, its geographic range coinciding with that of the snow leopard. It is widespread, with total population estimated at more than 2000 individuals. Protection is offered by three Strict Reserves and two National Parks, together covering approximately 65% of snow leopard habitat, although only about 6% is inside Strict Reserves. Density is likely close to maximum inside reserves and much lower in neighboring unprotected areas. Disturbance factors include firewood and forest product collection, herding, and poaching of prey.