Abstract
Textile applications in marine environments have gained significant attention for their potential in oil spill removal. Natural fibers, particularly protein fibers, have emerged as promising materials for oil absorption due to their inherent properties. This chapter explores the use of natural fiber textiles, specifically focusing on protein fibers, for oil spill cleanup in marine settings. The oil absorption mechanism and sorption rates of different natural fiber materials, such as banana, coir, and cotton/kapok blends, are examined. The findings highlight the advantages and disadvantages of various natural fiber materials, with a particular emphasis on their sorption rates in seawater, crude oil, and sea water/crude oil mixtures. Furthermore, innovative approaches in textile design for enhancing oil spill removal efficiency are discussed, including the incorporation of higher porosity and oleophilic characteristics through fiber blending and surface modifications. The environmental aspects of using natural fiber textiles are also addressed, emphasizing their nontoxicity and potential for energy recovery from the extracted oil. This abstract provides insights into the recent advancements and potential future directions in utilizing natural fiber textiles for effective and sustainable oil spill cleanup in marine environments.
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