Abstract
Carcinogenesis is a long, multi-step process that transforms normal cells into malignant cells. It occurs through several steps of initiation, promotion, and progression. By their mechanisms of action, chemical carcinogens may be genotoxic or nongenotoxic and may rely upon mutational or nonmutational/epigenetic effects. Epigenetic changes are heritable alterations in gene expression that occur without a change in the DNA sequence and encompass DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNA expression. They can be triggered by a wide array of chemical carcinogens. This chapter summarizes the knowledge of several selected chemical carcinogen-induced genetic and epigenetic changes and their roles in genome stability.
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