Abstract
The gametes of aqua-living animals are equipped with several systems to ensure fertilization. Sperm activation and chemotaxis toward the conspecific eggs—some factors from the eggs or female organs activate and attract conspecific sperm—are the first two steps of authentication between sperm and eggs. Phenomena and molecular mechanisms underlying sperm activation and chemotaxis are varied, even in the same taxa. Considering species specificity of sperm chemotaxis, the system may prevent crossbreeding. It is an interesting point why the system of sperm activation and chemotaxis has been evolved with such a high diversity. In this chapter, we reviewed the sperm activation and chemotaxis in aquatic invertebrates.
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