Abstract

Nanotheranostics is the use of nanotechnology to develop nanomedicines for combined diagnostics and therapeutics. Theranostic nanomedicines are made up of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) ranging from 1 to 1000 nm. Nanomedicines consist of NPs that act as diagnostic and therapeutic agents that are helpful in disease treatment at the cellular and molecular level as well as possess biocompatibility. In recent years, the field of nanotheranostics has targeted cancer therapy, and several nanotheranostic agents have been developed that include liposomes and micelle-based theranostics, polymer and dendrimer-based theranostics, noble metal-based theranostics, quantum dots (QDs) or semiconductor-based theranostics, carbon nanotubes, magnetic NPs-based theranostics and silica-based nanotheranostics. Nanotheranostics is an emerging field; therefore, before its clinical applications there will be several challenges for developers. Further knowledge and research on nanotheranostics may provide solutions to treat fatal diseases at an early stage in the future, as this chapter will discuss.

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