Abstract
Biomaterials have been heavily researched for many tissue engineering purposes. Still, in the field of hard tissue (e.g., bone and dental) repair, there are several challenges and unmet necessities. Unlike soft tissue, hard tissues need to go through more stress and strain; hence, a strong and durable material is desired. A “nano” size can contribute to proper porosity and continuity in the structure necessary for stabilizing a hard tissue. Hence, these have been widely researched over the past couple of decades. In this chapter, we plan to discuss different materials (subcategorized as polymeric, ceramic, metallic, and composites) used for hard tissue repair. Guided bone regeneration and applications of stem cells in hard tissue repair and regeneration will also be discussed.
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