Abstract
Tropical and subtropical freshwater wetland ecosystems are a function of their hydrology, geomorphology, and underlying soils. The hydrology of tropical freshwater wetlands is greatly influenced by intraannual (rainy and dry season) and interannual (decadal) weather patterns combined with high rates of evapotranspiration throughout most of the year, especially in subtropical wetlands. Like boreal and temperate wetlands, tropical and subtropical wetland geomorphology depends on their underlying geology and soils, as well as the type, frequency, and duration of hydrologic inputs. Soils are often high in organic matter resulting in acidic soil pH ranges due to high primary production from vegetation, which is typically associated with warm, wet climates.
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