Abstract
Food processing operations produce large amounts of waste that are rich in nutrients, and although these wastes are utilized to produce value-added products to some extent, the majority of the waste is discarded. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the characteristics of food processing waste for micro- and macronutrient composition and utilization of these materials for energy production. The feasibility of producing energy from food waste mainly depends on the conversion process and type of utilization of by-product. This chapter gives a broad knowledge of the utilization of waste and toxic food waste for future sustainable development. Products such as ethanol, 1-butanol, methanol, propanol, and isobutanol can be produced from waste food by fermentation process. Apart from this, the toxic food waste can also be used to produce biochemical, biopolymers, and biofertilizers. Conversion of food waste, especially agriculture residues, into biofertilizer would reduce its environmental impact, improve nutrition levels of the soil, decrease requirements for synthetic chemical fertilizer, and have a direct benefit on food production. Although, theoretically, biofuel, biochemical, biopolymers, and biofertilizers production from food processing waste appear to be feasible, the technology still has to overcome several constraints.
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