Abstract
LED behaves like a constant voltage load with low equivalent series resistance (ESR). Driving a constant voltage load from a constant voltage supply is very difficult, because it is only the difference between the supply voltage and the load voltage that is dropped across the ESR. But the ESR is very low value, so the voltage drop will also be low. Although the LED voltage drop shifts the curve of the graph to the right, the slope of the graph is just due to the ESR. Low current loads can have a relatively high value resistance added in series, in order to reduce the slope of the current versus voltage graph. When multiple LEDs are used to provide lighting for an application, they are frequently connected in an array, consisting of parallel strings of series connected LEDs. Since the LED strings are in parallel, the voltage source for all strings is the same.
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