Abstract
The biotechnological processes for the total recovery of lignocellulosic wastes resulting from industrial processing of grapes, as well as the maintenance of vineyards, through in vitro cultivation of mushrooms were tested using three Basidiomycetes species, namely, Ganoderma lucidum (Curt.: Fr.) P. Karst, Lentinula edodes (Berkeley) Pegler, and Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacquin ex Fries) Kummer. The experiments in solid-state cultivation were done by in vitro growing of all these fungal species in special rooms, where the main culture parameters were kept at optimal levels in order to get the greatest production of mushroom fruit bodies. The effects of culture compost composition (carbon, nitrogen, and mineral sources) as well as other physical and chemical factors (such as temperature, inoculum amount, pH level, incubation time) on mycelial net formation, and especially on fruit body induction, were investigated. Also, a submerged cultivation of mushrooms for bioconversion of winery wastes into nutritive mycelia biomass was carried out to test the feasibility of such biotechnology.
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