Abstract
Synaptic transmission involves communication between two or more cells. However, synaptic communication is triggered by electrical activity within neurons and involves the movement of electrical charges carried by ions. Electrical signaling within a single neuron, often termed cellular neurophysiology, is the foundation upon which synaptic transmission is built. Before we can discuss the cellular and molecular bases for synaptic transmission, a clear understanding of the fundamentals of neurophysiology is required. There are entire textbooks dedicated to cellular neurophysiology, and it is not our intention to cover the topic comprehensively here. Nonetheless, there are several important concepts in cellular neurophysiology that are integral to the study of synaptic transmission and will come up repeatedly in later chapters. This chapter will focus on these critical concepts.
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