Abstract
This chapter reports a system that optimizes positron emission tomography (PET)–MRI registration. The optimization is at three levels: automatic segmentation replaces manual drawing operations, visual assessment of registration quality is enhanced by composite imaging methods, and the entire procedure is embedded in a commercially available scientific visualization package, thereby providing a consistent graphical user interface. The segmentation procedure removes confounding extracranial structures from magnetic resonance images using a sequence of morphological operations and connected components analysis. Composite fusion in the 2D slice-by-slice mode and in 3D ray-traced volume renderings allows the operator to vary the fusion of PET and MRI in real time. The scientific visualization system provides a consistent user interface. The segmentation algorithm was tested on more than 30 MRI data sets and was successful in all cases. The composite imaging techniques provide a convenient, robust method for assessing the registration. These results are important because this procedure can be performed by technicians with no anatomic knowledge and reduces the required time from hours to about 5-minute on a modern computer workstation.
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