Abstract
Modern electronics and communication have demanded the fabrication and implementation of faster, reliable, and high-performance devices. Besides, the development of sustainable and eco-friendly techniques in materials research has expanded the availability of different technologies for photonic, optoelectronic, and microelectronic semiconductor device fabrication. Several of them utilize nanofibers in their processes due to a wide range of advantages such as larger surface area, easy device miniaturization, quantum effects for enhancement of optical properties, repeatability of the process, and integration with current silicon device manufacturing. In this chapter, we discussed, analyzed, and compared different physical and chemical synthesis methods for obtaining nanofibers. Besides, the different materials used for nanofiber fabrication are analyzed. It is well known that the electrospinning and chemical deposition methods can lead to the formation of semiconductor nanofibers with applications for photonic and microelectronic semiconductor device fabrication. We have discussed the advantages of each method, as well as their corresponding inconveniences. Additionally, a detailed review of recent research advancements regarding functionalization including the incorporation of nanoparticles embedded in nanofibers, fabrication of composite nanofibers and their respective miniaturization, as well as nanofiber carbonization using ion bean processing were reported in this chapter. Also, one of the most recent methods for the fabrication of nanofibers, shallow implantation, for the formation of interconnected semiconductor nanofibers and porous layered films with foam-like morphology was discussed in detail. Finally, future perspectives of functionalized nanofibers with its possible applications in photonic, optoelectronic, and microelectronic device fabrication were summarized.
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