Abstract
This chapter defines scalar potential as the work done per unit charge by the electric field. The scalar potential is the direct electrostatic analog of the gravitational potential energy per unit mass. Scalar potential is used in electrodynamics when time-varying electromagnetic fields are present. However, the generalized electric potential cannot be simply interpreted as the ratio of potential energy to charge. The electric potential at a point is equal to the electric potential energy, which is measured in joules, of any charged particle at that location divided by the charge of the particle. As the charge of the test particle has been divided out, the electric potential is a property related only to the electric field itself and not the test particle. The electric potential can be calculated at a point in either a static electric field or in a dynamic electric field at a specific time and has the units of joules per coulomb.
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