Abstract
The cellular systems of living organisms are orchestrated with crucial events of constant production and removal of reactive oxygen species under physiological conditions. This plays an important biological role of maintenance of redox homeostasis and provides protection against oxidative stress-induced chronic and degenerative diseases. This chapter includes a detailed discussion on oxidative stress-induced inflammatory diseases such as asthma, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Also, the modern approaches to studying oxidative stress-induced pathologies and key molecules that could act as therapeutic targets have been highlighted. The identification of oxidative stress as a common denominator to these diseases and the respective molecular targets that trigger these pathologies can potentially lead to novel approaches in disease prevention and health maintenance, especially via the use of nutraceuticals and/or phytochemicals. The paradoxical role of these nutraceuticals narrates the difficulties in using them clinically. Therefore, enhanced understanding of biochemical activities of nutraceuticals will enable them as better therapeutic options in oxidative stress-induced diseases.
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