Abstract
As is the case for all viruses, their replication depends on the interaction of viral components with cellular organelles and proteins. Here the role of the cellular organelles lipid droplets for rotavirus replication is reviewed. Newly formed rotavirus viroplasms interact with lipid droplets during the replication cycle, as shown by confocal microscopy, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, equilibrium ultracentrifugation of rotavirus-infected cell extracts, and lipid analyses. Disturbance of the cellular lipid droplet homoeostasis with chemical compounds inducing lipolysis or blockage of fatty acid biosynthesis was shown to reduce the number and size of viroplasms, the amount of newly synthesized rotavirus dsRNA and the infectivity of viral progeny. Thus, rotavirus has joined the growing list of viruses interacting with lipid droplets during their replication, opening a new area for search of antivirals.
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